New Zealand: Facts & Stats

TRANSPORTATION

Roads:

The State Highway network, which provides the backbone road traffic infrastructure connecting New Zealand towns, is administered by Transit New Zealand. Other roads and streets are managed by city or district councils. Some roads are under the control of the New Zealand Department of Conservation.

Network

New Zealand has a State Highway network of 10,895 km (5,974 km in the North Island and 4,921 km in the South Island, as of August 2006) of which 170 km are motorways. These link to 82,000 km of local authority roads, both paved and unpaved. The state highways carry 50% of all New Zealand road traffic, with the motorways alone carrying 9% of all traffic (even though they represent only 3% of the whole State Highway network, and even less of the whole road network).

The maximum speed limit on the open road is 100 km/h, with 50 km/h the common limit in residential areas. Speed limits of 60, 70, and 80 km/h are also used. Speeds are often reduced to 30 km/h beside roadworks, but there are few to no areas of the country's road network where speeds below 50 km/h are mandatory at all times.

Road safety

In 2005, 405 'road users' were killed in New Zealand, while 14,451 were injured. The age group most represented in the death and injury statistics were the 15-24 year olds. The most typical causes of death or injury were "head-on collisions (while not overtaking)" as well as "loss of control (while cornering)".[16] In terms of deaths per 10,000 population, the most dangerous areas were the Waitomo District (110 deaths) and the Clutha District (89 deaths). Larger cities were comparatively safe, with Auckland City having 36 deaths per 10,000 population, Manukau City 22 deaths, Wellington 24 deaths and Christchurch 29 deaths while Dunedin had a very high rate of 63 deaths.

Railroads:

There is a total of 3,898 km of railway line in New Zealand, built to the narrow gauge of 1067 mm. Of this, 506 km is electrified (2002 data). The national network is owned by the New Zealand Railways Corporation trading as ONTRACK, a state-owned enterprise. The national network consists of three main trunk lines, seven secondary main lines and during its peak in the 1950s, around ninety branch lines. The majority of the latter are now closed. Most lines were constructed by government but a few were of private origin, later nationalised. In 1931, the Transport Licensing Act was passed, protecting the railways from competition for fifty years.

The transport industry became fully deregulated in 1983. Between 1986 and 1993 the rail industry underwent a major overhaul involving corporatisation, restructuring, downsizing, line and station closures and privatisation. In 1993 the network was privatised, and until 2003 the national network was owned by Tranz Rail, previously New Zealand Rail Limited. The Government agreed to take over control of the national rail network back when Toll Holdings purchased Tranz Rail in 2003. In May 2008 the Government agreed to buy Toll NZ's rail and ferry operations for $665 million and renamed the company KiwiRail.

Bulk freights dominate services, particularly coal, logs and wood products, milk and milk products, fertiliser, containers, steel and cars. Long distance passenger services are limited to three routes - the TranzAlpine (Christchurch - Greymouth), the TranzCoastal (Christchurch - Picton) and the Overlander (Wellington - Auckland). Urban rail services operate in Wellington and Auckland, and interurban services run between Palmerston North and Wellington (the Capital Connection) and Masterton and Wellington (the Wairarapa Connection).

Aviation:

Airports

There are 113 airports in New Zealand (2002 est.). The main international airport is Auckland Airport, which handled about 11 million passengers in 2005. Christchurch Airport and Wellington Airport each handle about 4 million passengers per year.

With paved runways

• total: 46
• 10,000 ft (3048 m) or more: 2
• 8000 ft to 9999 ft (2438 m to 3047 m): 1
• 5000 ft to 7999 ft (1524 m to 2437 m): 10
• 3000 ft to 4999 ft (914 m to 1523 m): 28
• under 3000 ft (914 m): 5 (2002)

With unpaved runways

• total: 67
• 5000 ft to 7999 ft (1524 m to 2437 m): 2
• 3000 ft to 4999 ft (914 m to 1523 m): 26
• under 3000 ft (914 m): 39 (2002)

Heliports

1 (2002), Auckland, Mechanics Bay

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